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AI Agent Orchestration

Orchestration is deciding which agent runs, when, and with what context. This topic collects the coordination patterns that come up in every multi-agent system — a router that classifies before it spends tokens, an orchestrator that delegates to typed sub-agents, parallel fan-out for independent work, and worker pipelines for dependent work. Each pattern is a running TypeScript implementation you can preview live and copy into your project. If you need coordination that survives restarts and waits on humans, continue to Durable AI Agents.

6 patterns6 featured

Orchestration vs. workflows

Orchestration answers who runs next inside a request: classify intent, fan out to specialists, merge results, and return. It lives in memory for the life of that turn — fast to reason about, easy to preview in a chat, and ideal when every step finishes before the response ends.

Workflows answer what survives failure. A durable workflow checkpoints between steps, retries only the failed branch, parks for human approval, and resumes after a deploy. Reach for orchestration when coordination is the problem; reach for Durable AI Agents when the work outlives a single request — cron digests, approval gates, and multi-minute pipelines.

Featured patterns

A curated starting point for this topic — open a live preview, then adapt the source.

6 curated
Agent Routing Pattern preview
01Intermediate

Agent Routing Pattern

Route user queries to specialized AI agents based on context and intent. Includes dynamic agent selection, load balancing, and fallback handling.

  • Classify support queries into specialized agent categories
  • Route each query to a tailored agent system prompt
  • Select models by query complexity before streaming a reply
generateObjectstreamTextconvertToModelMessagesai
Sub-Agent Orchestrator preview
02Intermediate

Sub-Agent Orchestrator

Custom Agent implementation demonstrating the Agent interface abstraction with an orchestrator that routes queries to specialized sub-agents (research, analysis, support). Shows options passing and structured outputs.

  • Implement a custom Agent that routes to specialized sub-agents
  • Pass typed options into research, analysis, and support agents
  • Return structured outputs from the orchestrator layer
ToolLoopAgentcreateAgentUIStreamResponsetool(ai
Orchestrator-Worker Pattern preview
03Advanced

Orchestrator-Worker Pattern

Coordinate multiple worker agents for project management. Handles task distribution, progress tracking, and result synthesis.

  • Coordinate specialized worker tools from an orchestrator agent
  • Assign tasks across disciplines through strongly typed tools
  • Track deliverables and progress in a streaming agent UI
new Agenttool(stepCountIsai
Parallel Processing Pattern preview
04Intermediate

Parallel Processing Pattern

Process content with multiple AI agents running simultaneously. Demonstrates concurrent analysis for faster results.

  • Run multiple generateText analyses concurrently with Promise.all
  • Fan out content review across specialized perspectives
  • Aggregate parallel agent results into one response
generateTextaiparallel-processing
Multi-Step Tool Pattern preview
05Intermediate

Multi-Step Tool Pattern

Execute multi-step workflows with typed tools. Includes streaming, tool chaining, and decision-making for automated tasks.

  • Coordinate multi-step tool calling inside an Experimental_Agent loop
  • Chain dependent tool results across several agent steps
  • Stream progressive tool activity to the chat UI
new Agenttool(stepCountIsai
Research Agent Chain preview
06Intermediate

Research Agent Chain

Sequential three-agent chain demonstrating structured outputs flowing between agents. Research Agent 1 gathers research, Expand Agent 2 expands research, Synthesis Agent 3 synthesizes final answer. Uses Exa tools and AI SDK 6's stabilized structured output support.

  • Chain research, expand, and synthesis agents in sequence
  • Pass structured previousOutput between agent stages
  • Use Exa tools during multi-phase research
ToolLoopAgentcreateAgentUIStreamResponsetool(ai

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